German name: Zohsee Population: 567 Number of houses: 173 Area: 567 ha Geographical location: 49o58' N / 16o38´ E Altitude: 357 m n.m. Telephone:465 322 531 Address: OÚ 563 01 Sázava 2 E-mail:
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
Website:www.obec-sazava.cz The municipality is located 2 km in east of the town of Lanškroun. The river Moravská Sázava – the German name of the village (Zohsee) is derived from its name – flows through the village. The first written notice to the village (1304) is in the deed issued by the king Václav II by which he donated a part of the Lanšperk domain, i.e. the Lanškroun region, to the Zbraslav monastery. In the village there is the municipality office with internet centre, public water supply, gas distribution supply, St. Paul’s Chapel and the sculpture of Pieta, nursery school, food shop, electronic repair shop, Ford car shop and other small businesses. The village is involved in the Countryside reconstruction programme and it develops within this programme. The current population of the village is 555.
Detailed information (adapted from the source "Vlastivěda Lanškrounska"): The village of Sázava that is situated 2 km in east of the town Lanškroun is spread along the river Moravská Sázava after which the village was named. The village is mentioned for the first time, as many other villages in this region, in the donation deed of the king Václav II. The king gave the Lanškroun region, including the village Zasow (Sázava), to the Zbraslav monastery on 21st May 1304. The river Sázava that flows through the village played an important role in the history of the village. In 1332 there were two mills in the village that belonged to the reeve of the town of Lanškroun – Petr Tyčka ze Žamberka. Another mill in the village belonged to the reeve’s office in the village Sázava. Apart from the mill, the reeve had an independent, i.e. not belonging either to king or to church, hind of grounds, five and half rods of the grounds subjected to payments to the suzerain and a third of all fines that the reeve, as the representative of the suzerain, imposed on the village inhabitants. The deed certifying the property of the reeve’s office in Sázava was confirmed by the Litomyšl bishop Albert ze Šternberka in 1366. Two hundred years later, this privilege (so-called handfest) was confirmed by Vratislav z Pernštejna because the original of the deed was destroyed in fire. The village itself was probably a victim of fire. During wars between Jiří z Poděbrad and Matyáš Korvín (between 1468 and 1470) the Hungarian army attacked several times Bohemia from Moravia. The archives describe devastating campaigns of the Hungarian army on many places, for instance by the following quatrains: “Král uherský mnoho škody učinil,/ městeček, tvrzí i vsí mnoho spálil;/ počal páliti jeda z Moravy,/ od Třebové, až se u Hory stavi”. (The king of Hungary caused a lot of damage/he had many towns strongholds and villages burnt out/he started burning out when he was coming from Moravia/from the village Třebová, he will be by the Hora). Several years later (in 1481) when Jan Kostka z Postupic was selling the independent mill in the village of Sázava owned by the Lanškroun reeve (i.e. one of the mills mentioned in 1332), he undertook an obligation to re-built a fullery and if it was “destroyed or burnt out by enemies” to built it again. Apart from the mill, the deed mentions a meadow situated in a place called "pustá Sázava" (desert Sázava). This location is also mentioned in Convention of Lanškroun drapers (1588) and it is believed that it was situated between villages of Sázava and Albrechtice. The Thirty Year’s War affected largely this region. Since 1621, when the town of Lanškroun was burnt out, the town councillors tried to increase incomes of the town. Although the emperor Ferdinand II prohibited them to raise tariffs and tolls collected at the town gates in 1628, yet, the inhabitants of the town of Lanškroun managed to increase the town budget in this way which was criticised by the inhabitants of neighbouring villages, e.g. the village of Sázava. In turn, the inhabitants of village prevented burgess from entering the town wood, as the road crossed the grounds belonging to the inhabitants of the village of Sázava. The dispute was conciliated in 1673 – the villagers were entitled to pick forest litter in the town wood in return for maintaining of the road heading to the Lanškroun upper gate and Krčma (Tavern), they were supposed to repair the road by stones and road metal on the St. Michael’s Day. The duty to provide bedding and brushwood to the inhabitants of the village of Sázava was bought back in by the town of Lanškroun in1866. In the 19th century the river brought the prosperity into the village of Sázava: a burgess of the town of Lanškroun – Christian Polykarp Erxleben – had the old mill and saw-mill reconstructed into a weavery factory and bleachery in 1808.The modern machinery and convenient location made the weavery and bleachery well-known in the entire region and brought many job opportunities to local inhabitants. Moreover, the owner – Erxleben – decided to embellish the region around the river Sázava by planting tree alleys. However, after his death the factory did not work properly. In 1858 a part of the building was sold. The building of the mill served to its original purpose and other buildings were used by the company producing furniture – Helpert a Hynek. Since 1901 a company producing furniture fabrics Schopper a Stodolowsky had its seat in the former building of the reeve’s office. This company was soon replaced by other companies that run the mechanised weaving mill until World War II. At turn of 19th and 20th century many constructions of public interest were established: cemetery (founded in 1893, enlarged in 1927), new school building (in 1889) and road from the town of Lanšrkoun via the village of Sázava to the village of Lubník (the construction works begun in 1890), including a bridge over the brook. The electrification of the village was carried out in 1926. At those times the village was German and there were many associations: the brigade of voluntary firemen (founded in 1884, in 1930 the brigade owned a fire-engine and the brigade in the village of Sázava organised the fire brigade regional competition), the agricultural association, the association of Germans (Bund der Deutschen), the association of young Germans (Bund der deutschen Landjugend) and German gymnastic club (DKV). In 1976 the construction of the water supply system was finished and the village of Sázava was administratively integrated into the town of Lanškroun. The village became independent again in 1992. In past few years several projects of public interest were carried out in the village of Sázava, e.g. construction of gas distribution system (1997), new bridge over the brook (1998), renovation of the building of fire brigade (1999), construction of sewerage and sewerage treatment plant and local roads (2000-2001). The current population of the village of Sázava is 555 (in 172 houses). The list of historical monuments includes the St. Prokop’s Chapel (1858) and sculpture of the Holy Trinity (1811). However, the oldest monument is a pillar with a sculpture of Pieta by an unknown author. The local reeve Václav Resler had this monument mounted in 1681 as sign of thankfulness that the village was spared form the plague epidemic that was spread mainly in the near town of Lanškroun. The pillar with a sculpture in the village of Sázava is three years older than the plague columns situated on a square in the town of Lanškroun that was consecrated in 1684.
1858 With support of the emperor Ferdinand who donated 400 guldens was built a St. Prokop’s Chapel. 1811 Sculpture of the Holy Trinity 1893 Foundation of the cemetery 1927 Enlargement of the cemetery 1925 Memorial to the victims of the World War I, destroyed in 1945 1889 New school building 1890 Construction of the road from the town of Lanškroun via the village of Sázava to the village of Lubník, including the bridge over the brook 1919 Poorhouse opened
1366 the handfest confirming the reeve’s office in the village of Sázava issued by Albert ze Šternberka Sázavě in favour of Petr. 1566 the above mentioned deed was confirmed by Vratislav z Pernštejna 1481, October 16, ? Jan Kostka z Postupic a na Litomyšli sells the independent mill in the village of Sázava that belonged to the Lanškroun reeve’s office, including all and any belongings – arable and non-arable land, garden, meadow that is being added to the mill in the so-called desert Sázava and it is located above the meadow Hamernická louka, including the ditch, fullery and saw-mill to cautious Nikl Wolf and its heirs for the price of 40 three-scores without two three-scores of good money, at those times generally taxed. The annual payment of the mill is a half three-score and two groschen – on the St. George Day and a quarter three-score and one groschen (i.e. 16 groschen) – on the St. Havel Day. Jan Kostka z Postupic a na Litomyšli and his descendants are obliged to build fullery on their own cost and Nikl and his descendants are obliged to maintain the fullery. If the wheel, spindle or tops had to be replaced, or the furnace had to be repaired or replaced, these costs would bear Jan Kostka z Postupic a na Litomyšli and his descendants. If the fullery is destroyed or burnt out by enemies, the owner of the domain shall re-build it. Nikl Wolf and his descendants are obliged to make the every fourth worker available for these works. Nikl Wolf is also obliged to give to drapers the wood necessary to rolling of drapers and the wood shall be taken from the suzerain’s woods. A half of the incomes form fullery belongs to Nikl Wolf and his descendants, the other goes to revenue. Nikl Wolf is allowed to catch fish in ditch from female? to female? Deed witnessed by: Zdeněk and Vilém, brothers of Postupice. (Source: State regional Archive Zámrsk, Vs Lanškroun, boxboard 3, folio 235-236, a copy from mid-18th century) In 1680 the reeve in the village of Sázava was Rößler who had the statue near the church mounted as sign of thankfulness that the village was spared of the plague epidemic. The local statute was mounted earlier than a statue in the town of Lanškroun. In the town wood there were wolves in 1697, the wolf traps were dug and a year later one wolf was caught. The wolves were probably also in the village. The new era brought the factory of Christian Polykarp Erxleben to the village. In 1808 he bought the old mill and saw-mill and he opened the weavery factory and bleachery. The new building of the weavery factory was built was equipped by modern machines. Since 1820 the fullery brought many job opportunities and the owner embellished the region by planting tree alleys. After the owner’s death the factory was closed, in 1858 the town of Lanškroun bought buildings of fullery and bleachery and the functioning of the mill was restored. Other buildings were sold later.
German name: Zohsee
